The graying of the population lends a sense of urgency to the need to minimize injuries from falls, fires and other in-home accidents, which disproportionately affect older persons.

For those 65 and older, falls are the leading cause of death from unintentional injury in the home, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported recently. The CDC is stepping up its research into the problem and leading health and aging organizations are developing falls-prevention programs.

Four key components of the CDC falls prevention program:

1. Regular exercise
2. Safeguard your home
3. Have your vision checked
4. Have your health care provider review medications

• Maintaining strength and flexibility is the surest way to minimize the risk of falls. Exercise also tends to improve balance and coordination, another important safeguard against falls. And don't forget to wear sturdy, well-fitted, low-heeled shoes with non-slip soles.

• Reduce clutter. Keep pathways open in the home.
• Use only throw rugs with rubber, non-skid backing.
• Make bathrooms safe. Install grab bars and non-skid mats in bathtubs.
• Light stairways from top to bottom.

• See an eye doctor once a year. Poor vision is a prime culprit in many falls. Vision loss is often gradual and can go unnoticed, making regular check-ups essential.

• A periodic review of all the medications you are taking - including prescription, over the counter medications and herbal compounds - is an essential component of a falls prevention strategy. The research shows that older adults taking four or more medications have a higher risk of falls. Some medications, or combinations of medications can cause an older adult to feel lightheaded, dizzy, or drowsy which can precipitate a fall. When a health care provider prescribes a new medication be sure he or she knows what other medications you are taking. For your peace of mind have your provider or local pharmacist periodically review all the medications you are currently ingesting.

• Wear tight-fitting clothing when cooking. Droopy sleeves can catch fire quickly.
• Never leave cooking unattended. If a pan of food catches fire, slide a lid over it and turn off the burner.
• If your clothing catches on fire: stop, drop and roll.
• Test smoke alarms monthly.
• Smokers should use large, deep ashtrays and never smoke in bed.
• Give space heaters lots of room.
• Plan and practice escaping from your home.
• Know your local emergency number.